Rule of Law Index Scores and Rankings
Countries are scored and ranked on each of the factors and sub-factors of the Rule of Law Index. The table below presents the factor and sub-factor scores for the 97 countries and jurisdictions included in the 2012-2013 report, where 1 signifies the highest score and 0 signifies the lowest score.
View the data by specific Factor:
- View data for all Factors
- Limited Government Powers
- Absence of Corruption
- Order and Security
- Fundamental Rights
- Open Government
- Regulatory Enforcement
- Civil Justice
- Criminal Justice
| Country | Region | Income Group | Factor 1: Limited Government Powers | Factor 2: Absence of Corruption | Factor 3: Order and Security | Factor 4: Fundamental Rights | Factor 5: Open Government | Factor 6: Regulatory Enforcement | Factor 7: Civil Justice | Factor 8: Criminal Justice |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | Lower middle income | 0.46 | 0.31 | 0.73 | 0.63 | 0.44 | 0.43 | 0.51 | 0.41 |
| Argentina | Latin America & Caribbean | Upper middle income | 0.46 | 0.47 | 0.60 | 0.63 | 0.48 | 0.43 | 0.54 | 0.43 |
| Australia | East Asia & Pacific | High income | 0.88 | 0.90 | 0.86 | 0.84 | 0.84 | 0.83 | 0.72 | 0.72 |
| Austria | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.82 | 0.77 | 0.89 | 0.82 | 0.80 | 0.84 | 0.74 | 0.75 |
| Bangladesh | South Asia | Low income | 0.40 | 0.29 | 0.62 | 0.43 | 0.35 | 0.36 | 0.32 | 0.38 |
| Belarus | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | Upper middle income | 0.34 | 0.50 | 0.78 | 0.45 | 0.36 | 0.56 | 0.63 | 0.59 |
| Belgium | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.78 | 0.78 | 0.84 | 0.81 | 0.67 | 0.70 | 0.68 | 0.72 |
| Bolivia | Latin America & Caribbean | Lower middle income | 0.38 | 0.24 | 0.67 | 0.49 | 0.41 | 0.37 | 0.38 | 0.28 |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | Upper middle income | 0.55 | 0.47 | 0.76 | 0.67 | 0.49 | 0.53 | 0.50 | 0.62 |
| Botswana | Sub-Saharan Africa | Upper middle income | 0.73 | 0.75 | 0.76 | 0.59 | 0.67 | 0.71 | 0.65 | 0.72 |
| Brazil | Latin America & Caribbean | Upper middle income | 0.62 | 0.52 | 0.64 | 0.69 | 0.54 | 0.56 | 0.55 | 0.49 |
| Bulgaria | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | Upper middle income | 0.51 | 0.46 | 0.74 | 0.68 | 0.53 | 0.50 | 0.57 | 0.39 |
| Burkina Faso | Sub-Saharan Africa | Low income | 0.43 | 0.50 | 0.70 | 0.59 | 0.41 | 0.56 | 0.59 | 0.45 |
| Cambodia | East Asia & Pacific | Low income | 0.34 | 0.31 | 0.70 | 0.43 | 0.37 | 0.33 | 0.37 | 0.40 |
| Cameroon | Sub-Saharan Africa | Lower middle income | 0.31 | 0.20 | 0.62 | 0.42 | 0.27 | 0.28 | 0.35 | 0.32 |
| Canada | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.78 | 0.81 | 0.88 | 0.78 | 0.84 | 0.79 | 0.72 | 0.75 |
| Chile | Latin America & Caribbean | Upper middle income | 0.74 | 0.74 | 0.70 | 0.73 | 0.68 | 0.66 | 0.66 | 0.60 |
| China | East Asia & Pacific | Upper middle income | 0.36 | 0.52 | 0.78 | 0.35 | 0.42 | 0.41 | 0.43 | 0.54 |
| Colombia | Latin America & Caribbean | Upper middle income | 0.55 | 0.44 | 0.43 | 0.55 | 0.51 | 0.52 | 0.53 | 0.43 |
| Cote dIvoire | Sub-Saharan Africa | Lower middle income | 0.43 | 0.39 | 0.58 | 0.50 | 0.37 | 0.48 | 0.51 | 0.37 |
| Croatia | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | High income | 0.61 | 0.55 | 0.77 | 0.67 | 0.53 | 0.48 | 0.51 | 0.53 |
| Czech Republic | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | High income | 0.71 | 0.62 | 0.81 | 0.79 | 0.49 | 0.59 | 0.65 | 0.70 |
| Denmark | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.93 | 0.95 | 0.91 | 0.91 | 0.82 | 0.85 | 0.79 | 0.87 |
| Dominican Republic | Latin America & Caribbean | Upper middle income | 0.53 | 0.36 | 0.60 | 0.67 | 0.52 | 0.45 | 0.51 | 0.47 |
| Ecuador | Latin America & Caribbean | Upper middle income | 0.41 | 0.47 | 0.56 | 0.56 | 0.38 | 0.46 | 0.42 | 0.44 |
| Egypt | Middle East & North Africa | Lower middle income | 0.58 | 0.51 | 0.67 | 0.43 | 0.48 | 0.42 | 0.47 | 0.45 |
| El Salvador | Latin America & Caribbean | Lower middle income | 0.50 | 0.45 | 0.58 | 0.58 | 0.37 | 0.52 | 0.49 | 0.25 |
| Estonia | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | High income | 0.79 | 0.77 | 0.82 | 0.79 | 0.71 | 0.73 | 0.71 | 0.75 |
| Ethiopia | Sub-Saharan Africa | Low income | 0.36 | 0.44 | 0.56 | 0.41 | 0.29 | 0.36 | 0.46 | 0.49 |
| Finland | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.89 | 0.93 | 0.92 | 0.90 | 0.84 | 0.82 | 0.79 | 0.87 |
| France | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.80 | 0.80 | 0.84 | 0.79 | 0.75 | 0.76 | 0.68 | 0.69 |
| Georgia | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | Lower middle income | 0.48 | 0.77 | 0.84 | 0.61 | 0.47 | 0.63 | 0.61 | 0.66 |
| Germany | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.82 | 0.82 | 0.86 | 0.80 | 0.73 | 0.73 | 0.80 | 0.76 |
| Ghana | Sub-Saharan Africa | Low income | 0.72 | 0.45 | 0.68 | 0.72 | 0.55 | 0.52 | 0.61 | 0.45 |
| Greece | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.64 | 0.56 | 0.73 | 0.72 | 0.51 | 0.54 | 0.61 | 0.50 |
| Guatemala | Latin America & Caribbean | Lower middle income | 0.52 | 0.29 | 0.59 | 0.59 | 0.46 | 0.43 | 0.41 | 0.37 |
| Hong Kong SAR, China | East Asia & Pacific | High income | 0.73 | 0.89 | 0.93 | 0.71 | 0.82 | 0.75 | 0.71 | 0.76 |
| Hungary | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | High income | 0.63 | 0.72 | 0.83 | 0.72 | 0.52 | 0.60 | 0.55 | 0.64 |
| India | South Asia | Lower middle income | 0.61 | 0.32 | 0.39 | 0.56 | 0.48 | 0.41 | 0.45 | 0.44 |
| Indonesia | East Asia & Pacific | Lower middle income | 0.64 | 0.30 | 0.72 | 0.56 | 0.53 | 0.50 | 0.49 | 0.45 |
| Iran | Middle East & North Africa | Upper middle income | 0.37 | 0.49 | 0.68 | 0.27 | 0.38 | 0.54 | 0.62 | 0.45 |
| Italy | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.67 | 0.62 | 0.76 | 0.72 | 0.49 | 0.56 | 0.56 | 0.67 |
| Jamaica | Latin America & Caribbean | Upper middle income | 0.60 | 0.51 | 0.60 | 0.59 | 0.41 | 0.55 | 0.51 | 0.42 |
| Japan | East Asia & Pacific | High income | 0.80 | 0.84 | 0.89 | 0.78 | 0.82 | 0.87 | 0.77 | 0.68 |
| Jordan | Middle East & North Africa | Upper middle income | 0.55 | 0.57 | 0.75 | 0.50 | 0.46 | 0.59 | 0.65 | 0.52 |
| Kazakhstan | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | Upper middle income | 0.35 | 0.38 | 0.74 | 0.50 | 0.36 | 0.44 | 0.49 | 0.46 |
| Kenya | Sub-Saharan Africa | Low income | 0.45 | 0.27 | 0.62 | 0.54 | 0.44 | 0.39 | 0.47 | 0.40 |
| Kyrgyzstan | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | Low income | 0.44 | 0.26 | 0.74 | 0.51 | 0.44 | 0.43 | 0.46 | 0.35 |
| Lebanon | Middle East & North Africa | Upper middle income | 0.57 | 0.42 | 0.68 | 0.65 | 0.47 | 0.38 | 0.45 | 0.49 |
| Liberia | Sub-Saharan Africa | Low income | 0.53 | 0.36 | 0.56 | 0.52 | 0.39 | 0.23 | 0.33 | 0.35 |
| Macedonia | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | Upper middle income | 0.52 | 0.55 | 0.75 | 0.64 | 0.62 | 0.56 | 0.53 | 0.53 |
| Madagascar | Sub-Saharan Africa | Low income | 0.45 | 0.39 | 0.76 | 0.58 | 0.50 | 0.46 | 0.53 | 0.49 |
| Malawi | Sub-Saharan Africa | Low income | 0.49 | 0.44 | 0.69 | 0.47 | 0.43 | 0.45 | 0.59 | 0.45 |
| Malaysia | East Asia & Pacific | Upper middle income | 0.57 | 0.69 | 0.86 | 0.50 | 0.48 | 0.52 | 0.57 | 0.61 |
| Mexico | Latin America & Caribbean | Upper middle income | 0.55 | 0.37 | 0.50 | 0.56 | 0.53 | 0.49 | 0.40 | 0.35 |
| Moldova | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | Lower middle income | 0.43 | 0.33 | 0.77 | 0.54 | 0.43 | 0.39 | 0.42 | 0.40 |
| Mongolia | East Asia & Pacific | Lower middle income | 0.50 | 0.40 | 0.75 | 0.62 | 0.35 | 0.48 | 0.53 | 0.54 |
| Morocco | Middle East & North Africa | Lower middle income | 0.57 | 0.33 | 0.72 | 0.48 | 0.51 | 0.47 | 0.54 | 0.35 |
| Nepal | South Asia | Low income | 0.51 | 0.40 | 0.69 | 0.59 | 0.38 | 0.44 | 0.43 | 0.54 |
| Netherlands | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.86 | 0.93 | 0.86 | 0.84 | 0.90 | 0.83 | 0.80 | 0.80 |
| New Zealand | East Asia & Pacific | High income | 0.87 | 0.92 | 0.87 | 0.86 | 0.84 | 0.82 | 0.76 | 0.79 |
| Nicaragua | Latin America & Caribbean | Lower middle income | 0.31 | 0.40 | 0.64 | 0.54 | 0.48 | 0.45 | 0.42 | 0.42 |
| Nigeria | Sub-Saharan Africa | Lower middle income | 0.45 | 0.25 | 0.47 | 0.45 | 0.35 | 0.42 | 0.53 | 0.28 |
| Norway | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.90 | 0.94 | 0.87 | 0.90 | 0.84 | 0.83 | 0.82 | 0.85 |
| Pakistan | South Asia | Lower middle income | 0.46 | 0.28 | 0.29 | 0.40 | 0.35 | 0.36 | 0.39 | 0.39 |
| Panama | Latin America & Caribbean | Upper middle income | 0.45 | 0.41 | 0.68 | 0.63 | 0.60 | 0.52 | 0.51 | 0.38 |
| Peru | Latin America & Caribbean | Upper middle income | 0.64 | 0.37 | 0.62 | 0.70 | 0.43 | 0.48 | 0.43 | 0.45 |
| Philippines | East Asia & Pacific | Lower middle income | 0.56 | 0.41 | 0.60 | 0.57 | 0.46 | 0.51 | 0.43 | 0.42 |
| Poland | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | High income | 0.78 | 0.72 | 0.81 | 0.85 | 0.59 | 0.61 | 0.63 | 0.73 |
| Portugal | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.71 | 0.68 | 0.74 | 0.75 | 0.62 | 0.57 | 0.62 | 0.62 |
| Republic of Korea | East Asia & Pacific | High income | 0.66 | 0.74 | 0.82 | 0.76 | 0.74 | 0.67 | 0.72 | 0.76 |
| Romania | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | Upper middle income | 0.58 | 0.50 | 0.80 | 0.73 | 0.51 | 0.54 | 0.59 | 0.60 |
| Russia | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | Upper middle income | 0.31 | 0.39 | 0.49 | 0.47 | 0.41 | 0.45 | 0.50 | 0.40 |
| Senegal | Sub-Saharan Africa | Lower middle income | 0.57 | 0.49 | 0.65 | 0.62 | 0.41 | 0.58 | 0.58 | 0.46 |
| Serbia | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | Upper middle income | 0.48 | 0.42 | 0.75 | 0.61 | 0.44 | 0.43 | 0.47 | 0.45 |
| Sierra Leone | Sub-Saharan Africa | Low income | 0.55 | 0.36 | 0.64 | 0.63 | 0.26 | 0.33 | 0.54 | 0.36 |
| Singapore | East Asia & Pacific | High income | 0.73 | 0.91 | 0.93 | 0.73 | 0.67 | 0.80 | 0.79 | 0.87 |
| Slovenia | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | High income | 0.64 | 0.62 | 0.80 | 0.78 | 0.63 | 0.59 | 0.60 | 0.59 |
| South Africa | Sub-Saharan Africa | Upper middle income | 0.62 | 0.50 | 0.56 | 0.64 | 0.61 | 0.54 | 0.55 | 0.49 |
| Spain | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.75 | 0.80 | 0.79 | 0.86 | 0.61 | 0.67 | 0.65 | 0.69 |
| Sri Lanka | South Asia | Lower middle income | 0.56 | 0.51 | 0.54 | 0.60 | 0.50 | 0.52 | 0.52 | 0.62 |
| Sweden | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.92 | 0.96 | 0.89 | 0.93 | 0.93 | 0.89 | 0.78 | 0.82 |
| Tanzania | Sub-Saharan Africa | Low income | 0.55 | 0.41 | 0.61 | 0.53 | 0.41 | 0.44 | 0.48 | 0.49 |
| Thailand | East Asia & Pacific | Upper middle income | 0.53 | 0.41 | 0.63 | 0.66 | 0.50 | 0.51 | 0.43 | 0.59 |
| Tunisia | Middle East & North Africa | Upper middle income | 0.58 | 0.52 | 0.79 | 0.56 | 0.46 | 0.55 | 0.56 | 0.52 |
| Turkey | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | Upper middle income | 0.47 | 0.55 | 0.63 | 0.49 | 0.46 | 0.55 | 0.55 | 0.42 |
| Uganda | Sub-Saharan Africa | Low income | 0.43 | 0.32 | 0.48 | 0.43 | 0.36 | 0.38 | 0.51 | 0.43 |
| Ukraine | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | Lower middle income | 0.36 | 0.25 | 0.74 | 0.58 | 0.44 | 0.35 | 0.52 | 0.39 |
| United Arab Emirates | Middle East & North Africa | High income | 0.55 | 0.74 | 0.91 | 0.47 | 0.44 | 0.65 | 0.60 | 0.75 |
| United Kingdom | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.79 | 0.80 | 0.84 | 0.78 | 0.78 | 0.79 | 0.72 | 0.75 |
| United States | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.77 | 0.78 | 0.83 | 0.73 | 0.77 | 0.70 | 0.65 | 0.65 |
| Uruguay | Latin America & Caribbean | Upper middle income | 0.70 | 0.78 | 0.70 | 0.75 | 0.62 | 0.71 | 0.71 | 0.50 |
| Uzbekistan | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | Lower middle income | 0.24 | 0.30 | 0.89 | 0.34 | 0.36 | 0.46 | 0.49 | 0.36 |
| Venezuela | Latin America & Caribbean | Upper middle income | 0.25 | 0.32 | 0.51 | 0.48 | 0.36 | 0.33 | 0.38 | 0.24 |
| Vietnam | East Asia & Pacific | Lower middle income | 0.40 | 0.43 | 0.82 | 0.48 | 0.35 | 0.39 | 0.43 | 0.57 |
| Zambia | Sub-Saharan Africa | Lower middle income | 0.51 | 0.44 | 0.67 | 0.41 | 0.39 | 0.41 | 0.46 | 0.37 |
| Zimbabwe | Sub-Saharan Africa | Low income | 0.25 | 0.26 | 0.59 | 0.31 | 0.24 | 0.35 | 0.40 | 0.43 |
| Country | Region | Income Group | 1 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.7 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | Lower middle income | 0.46 | 0.57 | 0.34 | 0.37 | 0.34 | 0.61 | 0.52 |
| Argentina | Latin America & Caribbean | Upper middle income | 0.46 | 0.50 | 0.39 | 0.44 | 0.26 | 0.54 | 0.63 |
| Australia | East Asia & Pacific | High income | 0.88 | 0.91 | 0.88 | 0.85 | 0.81 | 0.88 | 0.97 |
| Austria | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.82 | 0.88 | 0.80 | 0.70 | 0.69 | 0.90 | 0.97 |
| Bangladesh | South Asia | Low income | 0.40 | 0.52 | 0.41 | 0.39 | 0.26 | 0.42 | 0.41 |
| Belarus | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | Upper middle income | 0.34 | 0.28 | 0.26 | 0.41 | 0.49 | 0.25 | 0.32 |
| Belgium | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.78 | 0.83 | 0.72 | 0.81 | 0.74 | 0.76 | 0.82 |
| Bolivia | Latin America & Caribbean | Lower middle income | 0.38 | 0.37 | 0.25 | 0.38 | 0.36 | 0.41 | 0.49 |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | Upper middle income | 0.55 | 0.65 | 0.51 | 0.53 | 0.39 | 0.55 | 0.63 |
| Botswana | Sub-Saharan Africa | Upper middle income | 0.73 | 0.76 | 0.79 | 0.59 | 0.70 | 0.76 | 0.80 |
| Brazil | Latin America & Caribbean | Upper middle income | 0.62 | 0.73 | 0.62 | 0.46 | 0.38 | 0.73 | 0.81 |
| Bulgaria | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | Upper middle income | 0.51 | 0.51 | 0.41 | 0.46 | 0.34 | 0.68 | 0.68 |
| Burkina Faso | Sub-Saharan Africa | Low income | 0.43 | 0.40 | 0.41 | 0.39 | 0.36 | 0.50 | 0.53 |
| Cambodia | East Asia & Pacific | Low income | 0.34 | 0.43 | 0.26 | 0.24 | 0.37 | 0.36 | 0.38 |
| Cameroon | Sub-Saharan Africa | Lower middle income | 0.31 | 0.24 | 0.27 | 0.44 | 0.38 | 0.36 | 0.16 |
| Canada | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.78 | 0.78 | 0.78 | 0.81 | 0.71 | 0.76 | 0.85 |
| Chile | Latin America & Caribbean | Upper middle income | 0.74 | 0.78 | 0.66 | 0.76 | 0.59 | 0.74 | 0.89 |
| China | East Asia & Pacific | Upper middle income | 0.36 | 0.65 | 0.45 | 0.35 | 0.37 | 0.11 | 0.25 |
| Colombia | Latin America & Caribbean | Upper middle income | 0.55 | 0.61 | 0.49 | 0.46 | 0.44 | 0.61 | 0.66 |
| Cote dIvoire | Sub-Saharan Africa | Lower middle income | 0.43 | 0.46 | 0.35 | 0.41 | 0.41 | 0.45 | 0.48 |
| Croatia | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | High income | 0.61 | 0.67 | 0.49 | 0.56 | 0.48 | 0.68 | 0.79 |
| Czech Republic | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | High income | 0.71 | 0.79 | 0.68 | 0.69 | 0.53 | 0.74 | 0.84 |
| Denmark | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.93 | 0.91 | 0.92 | 0.94 | 0.89 | 0.95 | 0.96 |
| Dominican Republic | Latin America & Caribbean | Upper middle income | 0.53 | 0.61 | 0.43 | 0.39 | 0.37 | 0.72 | 0.66 |
| Ecuador | Latin America & Caribbean | Upper middle income | 0.41 | 0.40 | 0.28 | 0.38 | 0.34 | 0.51 | 0.53 |
| Egypt | Middle East & North Africa | Lower middle income | 0.58 | 0.66 | 0.64 | 0.53 | 0.49 | 0.60 | 0.53 |
| El Salvador | Latin America & Caribbean | Lower middle income | 0.50 | 0.69 | 0.43 | 0.30 | 0.28 | 0.63 | 0.63 |
| Estonia | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | High income | 0.79 | 0.77 | 0.81 | 0.78 | 0.78 | 0.77 | 0.87 |
| Ethiopia | Sub-Saharan Africa | Low income | 0.36 | 0.41 | 0.34 | 0.39 | 0.49 | 0.25 | 0.28 |
| Finland | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.89 | 0.88 | 0.87 | 0.91 | 0.87 | 0.88 | 0.94 |
| France | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.80 | 0.81 | 0.75 | 0.70 | 0.71 | 0.83 | 0.98 |
| Georgia | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | Lower middle income | 0.48 | 0.49 | 0.38 | 0.43 | 0.59 | 0.58 | 0.44 |
| Germany | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.82 | 0.86 | 0.82 | 0.76 | 0.76 | 0.80 | 0.92 |
| Ghana | Sub-Saharan Africa | Low income | 0.72 | 0.84 | 0.70 | 0.52 | 0.55 | 0.85 | 0.88 |
| Greece | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.64 | 0.66 | 0.58 | 0.58 | 0.44 | 0.73 | 0.86 |
| Guatemala | Latin America & Caribbean | Lower middle income | 0.52 | 0.61 | 0.43 | 0.42 | 0.26 | 0.66 | 0.76 |
| Hong Kong SAR, China | East Asia & Pacific | High income | 0.73 | 0.89 | 0.82 | 0.74 | 0.76 | 0.50 | 0.64 |
| Hungary | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | High income | 0.63 | 0.59 | 0.64 | 0.42 | 0.57 | 0.71 | 0.83 |
| India | South Asia | Lower middle income | 0.61 | 0.71 | 0.67 | 0.49 | 0.36 | 0.72 | 0.71 |
| Indonesia | East Asia & Pacific | Lower middle income | 0.64 | 0.74 | 0.54 | 0.57 | 0.59 | 0.73 | 0.68 |
| Iran | Middle East & North Africa | Upper middle income | 0.37 | 0.49 | 0.48 | 0.32 | 0.29 | 0.31 | 0.33 |
| Italy | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.67 | 0.73 | 0.67 | 0.64 | 0.54 | 0.70 | 0.75 |
| Jamaica | Latin America & Caribbean | Upper middle income | 0.60 | 0.67 | 0.65 | 0.52 | 0.40 | 0.63 | 0.72 |
| Japan | East Asia & Pacific | High income | 0.80 | 0.89 | 0.84 | 0.64 | 0.79 | 0.84 | 0.81 |
| Jordan | Middle East & North Africa | Upper middle income | 0.55 | 0.62 | 0.61 | 0.65 | 0.58 | 0.49 | 0.34 |
| Kazakhstan | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | Upper middle income | 0.35 | 0.36 | 0.31 | 0.33 | 0.37 | 0.35 | 0.35 |
| Kenya | Sub-Saharan Africa | Low income | 0.45 | 0.56 | 0.39 | 0.36 | 0.34 | 0.60 | 0.43 |
| Kyrgyzstan | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | Low income | 0.44 | 0.58 | 0.30 | 0.29 | 0.31 | 0.57 | 0.56 |
| Lebanon | Middle East & North Africa | Upper middle income | 0.57 | 0.74 | 0.47 | 0.45 | 0.43 | 0.76 | 0.56 |
| Liberia | Sub-Saharan Africa | Low income | 0.53 | 0.73 | 0.49 | 0.25 | 0.32 | 0.69 | 0.71 |
| Macedonia | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | Upper middle income | 0.52 | 0.51 | 0.40 | 0.56 | 0.43 | 0.52 | 0.69 |
| Madagascar | Sub-Saharan Africa | Low income | 0.45 | 0.50 | 0.41 | 0.45 | 0.44 | 0.47 | 0.45 |
| Malawi | Sub-Saharan Africa | Low income | 0.49 | 0.53 | 0.51 | 0.43 | 0.44 | 0.49 | 0.51 |
| Malaysia | East Asia & Pacific | Upper middle income | 0.57 | 0.69 | 0.59 | 0.56 | 0.58 | 0.40 | 0.59 |
| Mexico | Latin America & Caribbean | Upper middle income | 0.55 | 0.72 | 0.49 | 0.49 | 0.29 | 0.63 | 0.68 |
| Moldova | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | Lower middle income | 0.43 | 0.53 | 0.34 | 0.42 | 0.29 | 0.50 | 0.53 |
| Mongolia | East Asia & Pacific | Lower middle income | 0.50 | 0.62 | 0.42 | 0.35 | 0.38 | 0.62 | 0.61 |
| Morocco | Middle East & North Africa | Lower middle income | 0.57 | 0.67 | 0.53 | 0.42 | 0.49 | 0.55 | 0.77 |
| Nepal | South Asia | Low income | 0.51 | 0.60 | 0.55 | 0.35 | 0.32 | 0.60 | 0.61 |
| Netherlands | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.86 | 0.87 | 0.84 | 0.86 | 0.77 | 0.90 | 0.91 |
| New Zealand | East Asia & Pacific | High income | 0.87 | 0.91 | 0.91 | 0.80 | 0.80 | 0.88 | 0.90 |
| Nicaragua | Latin America & Caribbean | Lower middle income | 0.31 | 0.38 | 0.24 | 0.24 | 0.19 | 0.50 | 0.30 |
| Nigeria | Sub-Saharan Africa | Lower middle income | 0.45 | 0.62 | 0.49 | 0.24 | 0.32 | 0.55 | 0.48 |
| Norway | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.90 | 0.92 | 0.91 | 0.84 | 0.89 | 0.90 | 0.93 |
| Pakistan | South Asia | Lower middle income | 0.46 | 0.55 | 0.52 | 0.31 | 0.30 | 0.58 | 0.50 |
| Panama | Latin America & Caribbean | Upper middle income | 0.45 | 0.37 | 0.31 | 0.43 | 0.27 | 0.57 | 0.77 |
| Peru | Latin America & Caribbean | Upper middle income | 0.64 | 0.72 | 0.49 | 0.62 | 0.38 | 0.76 | 0.85 |
| Philippines | East Asia & Pacific | Lower middle income | 0.56 | 0.76 | 0.54 | 0.51 | 0.43 | 0.69 | 0.46 |
| Poland | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | High income | 0.78 | 0.83 | 0.72 | 0.75 | 0.61 | 0.84 | 0.96 |
| Portugal | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.71 | 0.76 | 0.65 | 0.66 | 0.56 | 0.75 | 0.90 |
| Republic of Korea | East Asia & Pacific | High income | 0.66 | 0.54 | 0.55 | 0.67 | 0.60 | 0.71 | 0.90 |
| Romania | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | Upper middle income | 0.58 | 0.59 | 0.51 | 0.50 | 0.47 | 0.69 | 0.72 |
| Russia | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | Upper middle income | 0.31 | 0.32 | 0.27 | 0.33 | 0.29 | 0.33 | 0.34 |
| Senegal | Sub-Saharan Africa | Lower middle income | 0.57 | 0.51 | 0.44 | 0.62 | 0.51 | 0.65 | 0.72 |
| Serbia | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | Upper middle income | 0.48 | 0.55 | 0.31 | 0.45 | 0.31 | 0.57 | 0.69 |
| Sierra Leone | Sub-Saharan Africa | Low income | 0.55 | 0.67 | 0.44 | 0.45 | 0.45 | 0.67 | 0.63 |
| Singapore | East Asia & Pacific | High income | 0.73 | 0.65 | 0.70 | 0.88 | 0.82 | 0.51 | 0.82 |
| Slovenia | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | High income | 0.64 | 0.71 | 0.54 | 0.66 | 0.49 | 0.68 | 0.77 |
| South Africa | Sub-Saharan Africa | Upper middle income | 0.62 | 0.72 | 0.63 | 0.53 | 0.43 | 0.70 | 0.73 |
| Spain | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.75 | 0.80 | 0.74 | 0.60 | 0.58 | 0.85 | 0.95 |
| Sri Lanka | South Asia | Lower middle income | 0.56 | 0.60 | 0.59 | 0.50 | 0.48 | 0.63 | 0.58 |
| Sweden | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.92 | 0.89 | 0.88 | 0.93 | 0.88 | 0.94 | 0.99 |
| Tanzania | Sub-Saharan Africa | Low income | 0.55 | 0.66 | 0.50 | 0.46 | 0.50 | 0.59 | 0.56 |
| Thailand | East Asia & Pacific | Upper middle income | 0.53 | 0.67 | 0.49 | 0.46 | 0.48 | 0.66 | 0.45 |
| Tunisia | Middle East & North Africa | Upper middle income | 0.58 | 0.68 | 0.55 | 0.51 | 0.50 | 0.60 | 0.61 |
| Turkey | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | Upper middle income | 0.47 | 0.52 | 0.46 | 0.39 | 0.45 | 0.43 | 0.60 |
| Uganda | Sub-Saharan Africa | Low income | 0.43 | 0.46 | 0.48 | 0.36 | 0.44 | 0.47 | 0.39 |
| Ukraine | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | Lower middle income | 0.36 | 0.41 | 0.23 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.52 | 0.51 |
| United Arab Emirates | Middle East & North Africa | High income | 0.55 | 0.50 | 0.61 | 0.63 | 0.72 | 0.32 | 0.54 |
| United Kingdom | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.79 | 0.80 | 0.76 | 0.79 | 0.74 | 0.77 | 0.85 |
| United States | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.77 | 0.88 | 0.76 | 0.75 | 0.66 | 0.80 | 0.77 |
| Uruguay | Latin America & Caribbean | Upper middle income | 0.70 | 0.72 | 0.68 | 0.54 | 0.64 | 0.74 | 0.91 |
| Uzbekistan | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | Lower middle income | 0.24 | 0.05 | 0.19 | 0.32 | 0.36 | 0.13 | 0.37 |
| Venezuela | Latin America & Caribbean | Upper middle income | 0.25 | 0.29 | 0.23 | 0.14 | 0.14 | 0.40 | 0.30 |
| Vietnam | East Asia & Pacific | Lower middle income | 0.40 | 0.33 | 0.28 | 0.47 | 0.58 | 0.27 | 0.50 |
| Zambia | Sub-Saharan Africa | Lower middle income | 0.51 | 0.53 | 0.35 | 0.62 | 0.52 | 0.37 | 0.64 |
| Zimbabwe | Sub-Saharan Africa | Low income | 0.25 | 0.36 | 0.29 | 0.22 | 0.36 | 0.13 | 0.14 |
| Country | Region | Income Group | 2 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 2.4 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | Lower middle income | 0.31 | 0.40 | 0.24 | 0.41 | 0.20 |
| Argentina | Latin America & Caribbean | Upper middle income | 0.47 | 0.45 | 0.63 | 0.54 | 0.28 |
| Australia | East Asia & Pacific | High income | 0.90 | 0.89 | 0.94 | 0.94 | 0.82 |
| Austria | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.77 | 0.76 | 0.88 | 0.91 | 0.54 |
| Bangladesh | South Asia | Low income | 0.29 | 0.34 | 0.25 | 0.23 | 0.34 |
| Belarus | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | Upper middle income | 0.50 | 0.52 | 0.47 | 0.65 | 0.38 |
| Belgium | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.78 | 0.78 | 0.88 | 0.87 | 0.60 |
| Bolivia | Latin America & Caribbean | Lower middle income | 0.24 | 0.34 | 0.22 | 0.22 | 0.19 |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | Upper middle income | 0.47 | 0.43 | 0.51 | 0.64 | 0.29 |
| Botswana | Sub-Saharan Africa | Upper middle income | 0.75 | 0.72 | 0.80 | 0.77 | 0.71 |
| Brazil | Latin America & Caribbean | Upper middle income | 0.52 | 0.52 | 0.67 | 0.64 | 0.25 |
| Bulgaria | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | Upper middle income | 0.46 | 0.45 | 0.47 | 0.57 | 0.33 |
| Burkina Faso | Sub-Saharan Africa | Low income | 0.50 | 0.51 | 0.58 | 0.52 | 0.38 |
| Cambodia | East Asia & Pacific | Low income | 0.31 | 0.39 | 0.19 | 0.19 | 0.47 |
| Cameroon | Sub-Saharan Africa | Lower middle income | 0.20 | 0.23 | 0.28 | 0.19 | 0.11 |
| Canada | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.81 | 0.80 | 0.88 | 0.85 | 0.69 |
| Chile | Latin America & Caribbean | Upper middle income | 0.74 | 0.78 | 0.78 | 0.83 | 0.56 |
| China | East Asia & Pacific | Upper middle income | 0.52 | 0.49 | 0.40 | 0.65 | 0.53 |
| Colombia | Latin America & Caribbean | Upper middle income | 0.44 | 0.52 | 0.51 | 0.52 | 0.20 |
| Cote dIvoire | Sub-Saharan Africa | Lower middle income | 0.39 | 0.44 | 0.35 | 0.47 | 0.32 |
| Croatia | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | High income | 0.55 | 0.52 | 0.62 | 0.66 | 0.39 |
| Czech Republic | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | High income | 0.62 | 0.61 | 0.79 | 0.78 | 0.29 |
| Denmark | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.95 | 0.94 | 0.96 | 0.96 | 0.95 |
| Dominican Republic | Latin America & Caribbean | Upper middle income | 0.36 | 0.42 | 0.46 | 0.45 | 0.10 |
| Ecuador | Latin America & Caribbean | Upper middle income | 0.47 | 0.55 | 0.33 | 0.61 | 0.38 |
| Egypt | Middle East & North Africa | Lower middle income | 0.51 | 0.55 | 0.58 | 0.50 | 0.43 |
| El Salvador | Latin America & Caribbean | Lower middle income | 0.45 | 0.47 | 0.44 | 0.63 | 0.27 |
| Estonia | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | High income | 0.77 | 0.75 | 0.86 | 0.91 | 0.58 |
| Ethiopia | Sub-Saharan Africa | Low income | 0.44 | 0.46 | 0.31 | 0.49 | 0.50 |
| Finland | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.93 | 0.95 | 0.97 | 0.97 | 0.84 |
| France | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.80 | 0.79 | 0.84 | 0.90 | 0.68 |
| Georgia | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | Lower middle income | 0.77 | 0.76 | 0.64 | 0.98 | 0.70 |
| Germany | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.82 | 0.83 | 0.92 | 0.88 | 0.66 |
| Ghana | Sub-Saharan Africa | Low income | 0.45 | 0.45 | 0.64 | 0.27 | 0.43 |
| Greece | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.56 | 0.48 | 0.71 | 0.77 | 0.29 |
| Guatemala | Latin America & Caribbean | Lower middle income | 0.29 | 0.39 | 0.28 | 0.40 | 0.11 |
| Hong Kong SAR, China | East Asia & Pacific | High income | 0.89 | 0.85 | 0.93 | 0.90 | 0.88 |
| Hungary | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | High income | 0.72 | 0.66 | 0.82 | 0.86 | 0.55 |
| India | South Asia | Lower middle income | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.49 | 0.29 | 0.19 |
| Indonesia | East Asia & Pacific | Lower middle income | 0.30 | 0.41 | 0.34 | 0.37 | 0.11 |
| Iran | Middle East & North Africa | Upper middle income | 0.49 | 0.46 | 0.54 | 0.54 | 0.40 |
| Italy | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.62 | 0.61 | 0.79 | 0.82 | 0.27 |
| Jamaica | Latin America & Caribbean | Upper middle income | 0.51 | 0.52 | 0.70 | 0.59 | 0.24 |
| Japan | East Asia & Pacific | High income | 0.84 | 0.87 | 0.84 | 0.90 | 0.77 |
| Jordan | Middle East & North Africa | Upper middle income | 0.57 | 0.59 | 0.67 | 0.62 | 0.40 |
| Kazakhstan | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | Upper middle income | 0.38 | 0.41 | 0.36 | 0.45 | 0.30 |
| Kenya | Sub-Saharan Africa | Low income | 0.27 | 0.32 | 0.44 | 0.26 | 0.06 |
| Kyrgyzstan | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | Low income | 0.26 | 0.38 | 0.17 | 0.37 | 0.13 |
| Lebanon | Middle East & North Africa | Upper middle income | 0.42 | 0.38 | 0.49 | 0.55 | 0.27 |
| Liberia | Sub-Saharan Africa | Low income | 0.36 | 0.31 | 0.45 | 0.45 | 0.22 |
| Macedonia | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | Upper middle income | 0.55 | 0.61 | 0.40 | 0.74 | 0.44 |
| Madagascar | Sub-Saharan Africa | Low income | 0.39 | 0.46 | 0.43 | 0.39 | 0.28 |
| Malawi | Sub-Saharan Africa | Low income | 0.44 | 0.41 | 0.65 | 0.38 | 0.31 |
| Malaysia | East Asia & Pacific | Upper middle income | 0.69 | 0.63 | 0.66 | 0.75 | 0.71 |
| Mexico | Latin America & Caribbean | Upper middle income | 0.37 | 0.49 | 0.34 | 0.31 | 0.33 |
| Moldova | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | Lower middle income | 0.33 | 0.45 | 0.17 | 0.41 | 0.29 |
| Mongolia | East Asia & Pacific | Lower middle income | 0.40 | 0.45 | 0.46 | 0.54 | 0.16 |
| Morocco | Middle East & North Africa | Lower middle income | 0.33 | 0.37 | 0.38 | 0.28 | 0.28 |
| Nepal | South Asia | Low income | 0.40 | 0.50 | 0.30 | 0.61 | 0.18 |
| Netherlands | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.93 | 0.91 | 0.93 | 0.96 | 0.92 |
| New Zealand | East Asia & Pacific | High income | 0.92 | 0.90 | 0.94 | 0.95 | 0.89 |
| Nicaragua | Latin America & Caribbean | Lower middle income | 0.40 | 0.56 | 0.23 | 0.50 | 0.29 |
| Nigeria | Sub-Saharan Africa | Lower middle income | 0.25 | 0.26 | 0.46 | 0.21 | 0.05 |
| Norway | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.94 | 0.94 | 0.97 | 0.95 | 0.91 |
| Pakistan | South Asia | Lower middle income | 0.28 | 0.36 | 0.36 | 0.24 | 0.15 |
| Panama | Latin America & Caribbean | Upper middle income | 0.41 | 0.49 | 0.38 | 0.58 | 0.19 |
| Peru | Latin America & Caribbean | Upper middle income | 0.37 | 0.46 | 0.36 | 0.34 | 0.30 |
| Philippines | East Asia & Pacific | Lower middle income | 0.41 | 0.47 | 0.39 | 0.61 | 0.19 |
| Poland | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | High income | 0.72 | 0.65 | 0.80 | 0.88 | 0.54 |
| Portugal | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.68 | 0.66 | 0.77 | 0.82 | 0.46 |
| Republic of Korea | East Asia & Pacific | High income | 0.74 | 0.75 | 0.84 | 0.86 | 0.49 |
| Romania | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | Upper middle income | 0.50 | 0.47 | 0.62 | 0.64 | 0.27 |
| Russia | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | Upper middle income | 0.39 | 0.46 | 0.42 | 0.46 | 0.22 |
| Senegal | Sub-Saharan Africa | Lower middle income | 0.49 | 0.53 | 0.46 | 0.60 | 0.37 |
| Serbia | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | Upper middle income | 0.42 | 0.39 | 0.45 | 0.56 | 0.30 |
| Sierra Leone | Sub-Saharan Africa | Low income | 0.36 | 0.40 | 0.35 | 0.30 | 0.39 |
| Singapore | East Asia & Pacific | High income | 0.91 | 0.88 | 0.92 | 0.88 | 0.95 |
| Slovenia | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | High income | 0.62 | 0.61 | 0.75 | 0.60 | 0.52 |
| South Africa | Sub-Saharan Africa | Upper middle income | 0.50 | 0.39 | 0.67 | 0.61 | 0.33 |
| Spain | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.80 | 0.74 | 0.84 | 0.90 | 0.72 |
| Sri Lanka | South Asia | Lower middle income | 0.51 | 0.52 | 0.64 | 0.62 | 0.26 |
| Sweden | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.96 | 0.94 | 0.96 | 0.98 | 0.95 |
| Tanzania | Sub-Saharan Africa | Low income | 0.41 | 0.44 | 0.41 | 0.40 | 0.38 |
| Thailand | East Asia & Pacific | Upper middle income | 0.41 | 0.43 | 0.58 | 0.56 | 0.06 |
| Tunisia | Middle East & North Africa | Upper middle income | 0.52 | 0.55 | 0.55 | 0.48 | 0.49 |
| Turkey | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | Upper middle income | 0.55 | 0.51 | 0.61 | 0.54 | 0.55 |
| Uganda | Sub-Saharan Africa | Low income | 0.32 | 0.30 | 0.43 | 0.25 | 0.31 |
| Ukraine | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | Lower middle income | 0.25 | 0.24 | 0.38 | 0.38 | 0.02 |
| United Arab Emirates | Middle East & North Africa | High income | 0.74 | 0.76 | 0.78 | 0.71 | 0.73 |
| United Kingdom | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.80 | 0.82 | 0.87 | 0.85 | 0.66 |
| United States | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.78 | 0.77 | 0.88 | 0.83 | 0.62 |
| Uruguay | Latin America & Caribbean | Upper middle income | 0.78 | 0.82 | 0.81 | 0.77 | 0.71 |
| Uzbekistan | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | Lower middle income | 0.30 | 0.29 | 0.29 | 0.33 | 0.30 |
| Venezuela | Latin America & Caribbean | Upper middle income | 0.32 | 0.39 | 0.24 | 0.37 | 0.29 |
| Vietnam | East Asia & Pacific | Lower middle income | 0.43 | 0.40 | 0.28 | 0.47 | 0.57 |
| Zambia | Sub-Saharan Africa | Lower middle income | 0.44 | 0.41 | 0.49 | 0.38 | 0.48 |
| Zimbabwe | Sub-Saharan Africa | Low income | 0.26 | 0.28 | 0.40 | 0.24 | 0.13 |
| Country | Region | Income Group | 3 | 3.1 | 3.2 | 3.3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | Lower middle income | 0.73 | 0.86 | 1.00 | 0.33 |
| Argentina | Latin America & Caribbean | Upper middle income | 0.60 | 0.56 | 1.00 | 0.23 |
| Australia | East Asia & Pacific | High income | 0.86 | 0.85 | 1.00 | 0.72 |
| Austria | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.89 | 0.92 | 1.00 | 0.73 |
| Bangladesh | South Asia | Low income | 0.62 | 0.67 | 1.00 | 0.20 |
| Belarus | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | Upper middle income | 0.78 | 0.82 | 0.92 | 0.60 |
| Belgium | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.84 | 0.82 | 1.00 | 0.69 |
| Bolivia | Latin America & Caribbean | Lower middle income | 0.67 | 0.66 | 1.00 | 0.36 |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | Upper middle income | 0.76 | 0.85 | 1.00 | 0.44 |
| Botswana | Sub-Saharan Africa | Upper middle income | 0.76 | 0.67 | 1.00 | 0.62 |
| Brazil | Latin America & Caribbean | Upper middle income | 0.64 | 0.44 | 1.00 | 0.46 |
| Bulgaria | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | Upper middle income | 0.74 | 0.79 | 1.00 | 0.43 |
| Burkina Faso | Sub-Saharan Africa | Low income | 0.70 | 0.79 | 1.00 | 0.32 |
| Cambodia | East Asia & Pacific | Low income | 0.70 | 0.84 | 0.92 | 0.35 |
| Cameroon | Sub-Saharan Africa | Lower middle income | 0.62 | 0.74 | 0.83 | 0.28 |
| Canada | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.88 | 0.90 | 1.00 | 0.74 |
| Chile | Latin America & Caribbean | Upper middle income | 0.70 | 0.77 | 1.00 | 0.34 |
| China | East Asia & Pacific | Upper middle income | 0.78 | 0.75 | 0.92 | 0.68 |
| Colombia | Latin America & Caribbean | Upper middle income | 0.43 | 0.39 | 0.58 | 0.31 |
| Cote dIvoire | Sub-Saharan Africa | Lower middle income | 0.58 | 0.60 | 0.75 | 0.37 |
| Croatia | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | High income | 0.77 | 0.87 | 1.00 | 0.43 |
| Czech Republic | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | High income | 0.81 | 0.80 | 1.00 | 0.63 |
| Denmark | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.91 | 0.89 | 1.00 | 0.85 |
| Dominican Republic | Latin America & Caribbean | Upper middle income | 0.60 | 0.58 | 1.00 | 0.22 |
| Ecuador | Latin America & Caribbean | Upper middle income | 0.56 | 0.42 | 1.00 | 0.27 |
| Egypt | Middle East & North Africa | Lower middle income | 0.67 | 0.82 | 0.92 | 0.27 |
| El Salvador | Latin America & Caribbean | Lower middle income | 0.58 | 0.46 | 1.00 | 0.28 |
| Estonia | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | High income | 0.82 | 0.79 | 1.00 | 0.68 |
| Ethiopia | Sub-Saharan Africa | Low income | 0.56 | 0.69 | 0.58 | 0.41 |
| Finland | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.92 | 0.90 | 1.00 | 0.85 |
| France | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.84 | 0.87 | 1.00 | 0.65 |
| Georgia | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | Lower middle income | 0.84 | 0.98 | 0.83 | 0.70 |
| Germany | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.86 | 0.88 | 1.00 | 0.70 |
| Ghana | Sub-Saharan Africa | Low income | 0.68 | 0.77 | 1.00 | 0.27 |
| Greece | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.73 | 0.79 | 1.00 | 0.41 |
| Guatemala | Latin America & Caribbean | Lower middle income | 0.59 | 0.43 | 1.00 | 0.33 |
| Hong Kong SAR, China | East Asia & Pacific | High income | 0.93 | 0.98 | 1.00 | 0.80 |
| Hungary | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | High income | 0.83 | 0.80 | 1.00 | 0.69 |
| India | South Asia | Lower middle income | 0.39 | 0.54 | 0.33 | 0.31 |
| Indonesia | East Asia & Pacific | Lower middle income | 0.72 | 0.95 | 1.00 | 0.20 |
| Iran | Middle East & North Africa | Upper middle income | 0.68 | 0.69 | 0.66 | 0.67 |
| Italy | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.76 | 0.83 | 1.00 | 0.47 |
| Jamaica | Latin America & Caribbean | Upper middle income | 0.60 | 0.69 | 1.00 | 0.11 |
| Japan | East Asia & Pacific | High income | 0.89 | 0.92 | 1.00 | 0.74 |
| Jordan | Middle East & North Africa | Upper middle income | 0.75 | 0.94 | 1.00 | 0.31 |
| Kazakhstan | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | Upper middle income | 0.74 | 0.79 | 1.00 | 0.43 |
| Kenya | Sub-Saharan Africa | Low income | 0.62 | 0.66 | 1.00 | 0.20 |
| Kyrgyzstan | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | Low income | 0.74 | 0.78 | 1.00 | 0.43 |
| Lebanon | Middle East & North Africa | Upper middle income | 0.68 | 0.88 | 0.75 | 0.41 |
| Liberia | Sub-Saharan Africa | Low income | 0.56 | 0.52 | 1.00 | 0.16 |
| Macedonia | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | Upper middle income | 0.75 | 0.78 | 1.00 | 0.47 |
| Madagascar | Sub-Saharan Africa | Low income | 0.76 | 0.73 | 0.92 | 0.64 |
| Malawi | Sub-Saharan Africa | Low income | 0.69 | 0.63 | 1.00 | 0.44 |
| Malaysia | East Asia & Pacific | Upper middle income | 0.86 | 0.78 | 1.00 | 0.79 |
| Mexico | Latin America & Caribbean | Upper middle income | 0.50 | 0.44 | 0.75 | 0.30 |
| Moldova | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | Lower middle income | 0.77 | 0.77 | 1.00 | 0.53 |
| Mongolia | East Asia & Pacific | Lower middle income | 0.75 | 0.71 | 1.00 | 0.52 |
| Morocco | Middle East & North Africa | Lower middle income | 0.72 | 0.83 | 0.92 | 0.42 |
| Nepal | South Asia | Low income | 0.69 | 0.82 | 0.75 | 0.49 |
| Netherlands | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.86 | 0.91 | 1.00 | 0.67 |
| New Zealand | East Asia & Pacific | High income | 0.87 | 0.86 | 1.00 | 0.76 |
| Nicaragua | Latin America & Caribbean | Lower middle income | 0.64 | 0.63 | 1.00 | 0.28 |
| Nigeria | Sub-Saharan Africa | Lower middle income | 0.47 | 0.49 | 0.58 | 0.35 |
| Norway | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.87 | 0.91 | 0.92 | 0.80 |
| Pakistan | South Asia | Lower middle income | 0.29 | 0.47 | 0.04 | 0.37 |
| Panama | Latin America & Caribbean | Upper middle income | 0.68 | 0.64 | 1.00 | 0.41 |
| Peru | Latin America & Caribbean | Upper middle income | 0.62 | 0.50 | 0.92 | 0.44 |
| Philippines | East Asia & Pacific | Lower middle income | 0.60 | 0.66 | 0.67 | 0.49 |
| Poland | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | High income | 0.81 | 0.85 | 1.00 | 0.58 |
| Portugal | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.74 | 0.82 | 1.00 | 0.42 |
| Republic of Korea | East Asia & Pacific | High income | 0.82 | 0.86 | 1.00 | 0.59 |
| Romania | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | Upper middle income | 0.80 | 0.82 | 1.00 | 0.59 |
| Russia | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | Upper middle income | 0.49 | 0.57 | 0.50 | 0.41 |
| Senegal | Sub-Saharan Africa | Lower middle income | 0.65 | 0.74 | 0.92 | 0.31 |
| Serbia | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | Upper middle income | 0.75 | 0.86 | 1.00 | 0.39 |
| Sierra Leone | Sub-Saharan Africa | Low income | 0.64 | 0.46 | 1.00 | 0.47 |
| Singapore | East Asia & Pacific | High income | 0.93 | 0.96 | 1.00 | 0.82 |
| Slovenia | Eastern Europe & Central Asia | High income | 0.80 | 0.92 | 1.00 | 0.48 |
| South Africa | Sub-Saharan Africa | Upper middle income | 0.56 | 0.33 | 1.00 | 0.34 |
| Spain | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.79 | 0.90 | 1.00 | 0.46 |
| Sri Lanka | South Asia | Lower middle income | 0.54 | 0.91 | 0.37 | 0.32 |
| Sweden | Western Europe & North America | High income | 0.89 | 0.91 | 1.00 | 0.76 |
| Tanzania | Sub-Saharan Africa | Low income | 0.61 | 0.56 | 1.00 | 0.26 |
| Thailand |